AFCI lossis "Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters" yog qhov tshiab tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb rau cov tsev nyob. Cov qauv AFCI tau tshaj tawm hauv 1999 NEC (Txoj Cai Hluav Taws Xob Hauv Tebchaws) thiab xav tau hauv kev tsim vaj tsev tshiab thiab thaum txhim kho, txuas ntxiv lossis hloov kho cov kab hluav taws xob tshiab hauv ib lub tsev uas twb muaj lawm, lossis thaum hloov chaw tso khoom nyob hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. AFCI thiab GFCI cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yuav zoo ib yam, tab sis ua haujlwm sib txawv heev los tiv thaiv kev phom sij sib txawv. Mus txuas ntxiv nyeem kom paub qhov twg thiab thaum twg AFCI kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab.
Cov kauj ruam
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim siab hom qauv
Yog tias tau teeb tsa cov kab hluav taws xob hauv ib qho chaw rau siv lwm yam tsis yog chav nyob, AFCI tsis xav tau (kev lag luam thiab chaw tsim khoom tsis tas yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv AFCI). Kev tiv thaiv AFCI tsuas yog xav tau hauv chav nyob (chav tsev, tsev, tsim tsev thiab tsev txawb), hauv "chav nyob" thiab hauv chav tsev so/tsev tos qhua.
Keeb kwm, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv cov kab hluav taws xob txuas hluav taws xob suav txog ze li ib feem peb ntawm cov hluav taws hauv cov tsev nyob hauv Asmeskas
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas qhov hluav taws xob, qhov tam sim no thiab qhov chaw nyob
"Txhua qhov 120 volt, ib theem, 15- lossis 20-amp ceg kab hluav taws xob muab hluav taws xob [suav nrog ob lub qhov hluav taws xob thiab lub qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob] thiab cov khoom siv [suav nrog cov hloov pauv] teeb tsa hauv chav tsev chav ua noj, chav tsev neeg, chav noj mov, chav nyob, chav nyob., tsev qiv ntawv, qhov chaw nyob, chav pw, chav dej, chav ua si, chav nyob, chav nyob, chav ntxhua khaub ncaws, lossis cov chav zoo sib xws lossis thaj chaw yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv "los ntawm cov npe arc cuam tshuam Circuit Circuit cuam tshuam, nrog rau kev zam tshwj xeeb, raws li tau hais hauv qab no. Qhov no txhais tau tias yuav luag txhua qhov chaw nyob nyob hauv cov tsev tshiab, uas tsis yog sau hauv qab no, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv no.
- Ib qho kev hloov pauv tam sim no uas tau hloov pauv, hloov lossis txuas ntxiv hauv lossis mus rau thaj chaw ntawd tseem yuav tsum muaj AFCI kev tiv thaiv teeb tsa, yog tias lawv txuas nws ntau dua rau (6) ko taw lossis ntxiv qhov hluav taws xob lossis khoom siv. Thaum lub qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no tau hloov pauv ntawm ib ceg uas tam sim no xav kom muaj kev tiv thaiv AFCI, nws yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv AFCI.
- Txhua qhov 120-volt, ib theem, 15- thiab 20-ampere cov kab hluav taws xob txuas hluav taws xob muab hluav taws xob tso rau hauv chav pw, chav nyob, chav nyob, chav nyob, chav nyob, chav dej thiab chav zoo sib xws yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv "los ntawm AFCI cov cuab yeej.
- Cov voj voog uas muab ntau dua 20 amps lossis ntau dua 120 volts (208 /240 volts circuits) kuj raug zam los ntawm AFCI kev tiv thaiv. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias txhua yam khoom siv ob npaug (208 lossis 240 volt) xws li: hluav taws xob, dej tso cua sov, khaub ncaws tshuab, tso hluav taws xob tso hluav taws xob tas mus li (lub hauv paus thiab hom tshuab cua), cov twj tso kua dej zoo, thiab lwm yam raug zam raws li cov uas xav tau ib tus ncej Circuit Court breaker ntau dua 20 amps. Nco tseg tias yog tias "tau teeb tsa lub tshuab rhaub hluav taws xob tas mus li" muab los ntawm 120 volts ntawm 15- lossis 20-Amp Circuit, nws yuav tsis raug zam los ntawm AFCI kev tiv thaiv, raws li txoj cai no.
- Cov hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob tsawg dua 120 volts (piv txwv li, 24-volt tswj thaiv, 12-volt teeb pom kev zoo, xov tooj- lossis TV-teeb liab thaiv) kuj raug zam los ntawm AFCI tiv thaiv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav txim siab yog tias qhov chaw lossis hom kev zam tshwj xeeb raug siv
- Tsis tuaj ntawm cov npe ntawm cov chaw uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv AFCI yog: chav dej, sab nraum zoov, hauv qab daus tsis tiav, nkag mus rau qhov chaw, qhov chaw nyob thiab qhov chaw tso tsheb, rau npe ob peb tus.
- Cov chav ua noj thiab chaw ntxhua khaub ncaws ntawm tsev tsim khoom lossis tsev txawb tsis raug zam ntxiv lawm.
- Kev txiav txim siab AFCI ntxiv siv rau lub hnub ci-lub zog thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas sib txuas.
- Qee lub tshuab cua sov thiab pa taws raug txwv tsis pub txuas nrog GFCI lossis AFCI kev sib txuas. Ib qho kev zam rau AFCI tuaj yeem siv qhov twg tau tso cai los ntawm cov cai, xws li thaum siv qee txoj hauv kev txuas hlau.
- Txoj Cai "National Fire Alarm Code" tsis zam "tswb tswb", tab sis xav tau "lub zog thib ob" rau cov tswb ceeb toom uas siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv los ntawm GFCI lossis AFCI cov cuab yeej. Cov cai hauv ib cheeb tsam yuav txawv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Xaiv txoj hauv kev muab kev tiv thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv AFCI yog muab los ntawm ib qho AFCI tus tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob, lossis los ntawm lub qhov tshwj xeeb uas tau qhia tias yog muab kev tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum. Ob lub Circuit Court breaker thiab receptacle tau teeb tsa zoo ib yam li GFCI Circuit breakers thiab receptacles uas tam sim no muaj nyob hauv ntau lub tsev. Txoj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tag nrho cov Circuit Court, thaum lub qhov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tsuas yog los ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa ntawm Circuit Court, mus txog qhov kawg ntawm Circuit. Ib qho kev ceeb toom rau txoj hauv kev txais khoom yog tias nws tsuas yog txiav txim siab ua raws cov cai yuav tsum tau yog tias ib feem ntawm Circuit Court nruab nrab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob thiab AFCI lub qhov rooj tau teeb tsa hauv cov yeeb nkab lossis cov hlua khi hlua khi thiab txhua lub thawv hauv Circuit Court yuav tsum yog hlau (kev coj ua ib txwm muaj) ntawm kev siv lub thawv yas / fiber ntau lossis romex cables yuav txwv qhov kev daws teeb meem no).
Qee cov khoom siv kuj tseem yuav tsum muaj lawv tus kheej qhov tseem ceeb AFCI lossis GFCI kev tiv thaiv, suav nrog lub tshuab cua txias, tub yees, lub tub yees txias, dej txias thiab lub tshuab tso dej haus
Kauj Ruam 5. Muab kev tiv thaiv AFCI thiab GFCI raws qhov xav tau
Txhua yam xav tau GFCI cov khoom tiv thaiv uas tau teeb tsa hauv qhov chaw uas tseem xav tau kev tiv thaiv AFCI (saib cov npe saum toj no), yuav tsum muaj AFCI tiv thaiv ib yam. Nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho AFCI lub qhov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv los ntawm GFCI lub tshuab hluav taws xob kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau tab sis tsuas yog yog tsawg kawg ib feem ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag thiab AFCI lub thawv tau teeb tsa hauv cov yeeb nkab hlau lossis hlau-armored cable thiab txhua lub thawv hauv lub voj voog yuav tsum yog hlau (qhov ib txwm ua los ntawm kev siv lub thawv yas / fiber ntau lossis Romex® cable yuav txwv qhov kev daws teeb meem no). Hauv qhov no, teeb tsa AFCI Circuit Court breaker thiab GFCI receptacle. Cov yeeb nkab, cov hlua tiv thaiv kab hlau, lub thawv hlau, thiab lwm yam kev txwv ntawm cov khoom siv AFCI tsis siv rau GFCI cov khoom siv. Qee cov tuam txhab muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muab ob qho kev tiv thaiv AFCI thiab GFCI hauv ib pob.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ntxiv AFCI kev tiv thaiv kev yeem
Kev teeb tsa uas twb muaj lawm tsis tas yuav hloov kho rau AFCI kev tiv thaiv. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov tsev tsim ua ntej thawj hnub zoo ntawm chav pw AFCI xav tau (xyoo 2002) tsis tas yuav muaj AFCI cov cuab yeej. Hauv cov tsev tsis muaj AFCI cov cuab yeej nyob hauv qhov chaw xav tau los ntawm txoj cai tam sim no, qhov kev tiv thaiv kawg yuav yog muab AFCI tiv thaiv thoob plaws lub tsev (tshwj tsis yog cov kab hluav taws xob uas muaj teeb meem nrog AFCI).
- Hloov tag nrho tam sim no ib tus ncej 15 thiab 20 amp Circuit Court breakers (thiab ib qho ob npaug ncej 15 thiab 20 amp Circuit Court breakers uas muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog sib koom nruab nrab uas muab ob qhov hluav taws xob 120 volt), lossis hloov thawj lub thawv rau ntawm Circuit Court rau AFCI yam ntxiv kev tiv thaiv no.
- Siv AFCI cov tshuab hluav taws xob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum rau tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no. Qhov no tsuas yog teeb meem ntawm kev nrhiav lub xov tooj cua kub (dub, liab lossis xiav uas txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob) thiab lub xov tooj cua tsis nruab nrab (dawb) xaim thiab hloov lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv vaj huam sib luag nrog hom AFCI. AFCI cov khoom tawg, zoo li GFCI cov neeg sib koom, muaj cov xov hlau tsis sib txuas uas yuav tsum tau txuas nrog lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob lub tsheb npav nruab nrab. Cov xov hluav taws xob kub thiab nruab nrab yuav tag nrho txuas ncaj qha rau AFCI Circuit breaker, thiab tiv thaiv tag nrho cov Circuit Court los ntawm kev ua txhaum.
- Siv AFCI cov khoom siv los muab kev tiv thaiv rau hauv Circuit Court tsuas yog los ntawm qhov chaw uas lub qhov rooj tau teeb tsa. Hloov thawj qhov tsis yog GFCI qhov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court nrog AFCI qhov txuas thiab txuas cov xov hlau los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag mus rau LINE cov dav hlau thiab cov xov hlau uas txuas mus ntxiv rau hauv Circuit Court mus rau LOAD cov dav hlau. Nyob ntawm txoj hauv kev siv txoj hlua thaum siv, txoj kev no yuav tsis txaus siab raws li txoj cai. Cov khoom siv AFCI tau nrov dua ua ntej xyoo 2005 txoj cai, thaum qhov kev tiv thaiv no xav tau tsuas yog hauv chav pw. Txij thaum ntawd los, txoj cai nthuav dav qhov xav tau kom suav nrog ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv lub tsev, nws zoo li cov tuam txhab tau pib tsim cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov chaw. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov khoom siv AFCI yuav nyuaj dua kom tau txais.
Lub tswv yim
- Txoj Cai Hluav Taws Xob Hauv Tebchaws (NEC) thiab ntau tus lej hauv cheeb tsam tau hloov kho thiab hloov pauv txhua txhua 3 xyoos. Ib txoj hauv kev txuas hluav taws xob uas tau ua haujlwm yav dhau los yuav tsis siv tau nyob rau hauv cov kab tshiab lossis hloov kho, suav nrog kev hloov chaw tso khoom. Sib tham txog kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa nrog tus kws tshuaj xyuas hauv zos ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, tuaj yeem txuag sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag.
- AFCI cov tseev kom muaj nyob hauv ' 2014 Txoj Cai Hluav Taws Xob Hauv Tebchaws Tshooj 210.12 ', thiab ntau lwm ntu. Nov yog qhov tau txais kev pom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm NEC raws li qhov kev sau ntawv no. Txhua txoj cai lij choj tuaj yeem lees txais NEC nrog kev hloov kho hauv zos. 2017 NEC nthuav dav AFCI cov kev xav tau hauv ntau txoj hauv kev dhau "chav nyob".
- Raws li NEC, cov khoom siv tam sim no tsis tas yuav hloov kho nrog AFCI cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv feem ntau ntawm kev kho dua tshiab, tshwj tsis yog lub Circuit Court tau nthuav dav, hloov lossis hloov kho hauv cov chaw tam sim no xav tau AFCI. Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub nroog, tej zaum yuav muaj cov cai uas hais txog qee qhov kev hloov kho tshiab hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Qee lub zej zog muaj "qhov ua rau" xav tau kev hloov kho tag nrho rau AFCI kev tiv thaiv, cov pa luam yeeb nyuaj, thiab lwm yam, thaum kev kho dua tshiab hloov kho 50% lossis ntau dua ntawm lub tsev qub, lossis thaum "qab nthab thiab phab ntsa tau qhib lossis tshem tawm", lossis thaum lub qhov rooj nkag raug hloov. Ib txwm tshuaj xyuas nrog cov cai hauv cheeb tsam uas muaj cai txiav txim siab hauv cheeb tsam.
Lus ceeb toom
- AFCI cov cuab yeej (thiab GFCI cov cuab yeej rau qhov teeb meem ntawd) uas tas li kev mus los lossis kev tawm mus sai tom qab rov pib dua qhia tias muaj teeb meem AFCI (lossis GFCI) cov cuab yeej lossis teeb meem loj hauv lub tsev thaiv. Yog tias hloov lub cuab yeej tsis tuaj yeem daws teeb meem, hu rau tus kws kho hluav taws xob kom sai li sai tau txhawm rau nrhiav thiab tshem tawm qhov ua txhaum. Sab laug tsis tau daws, qhov hluav taws kub tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Yooj yim tshem lossis hla dhau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv AFCI lossis GFCI feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem lees txais.
- Ib qho cuab yeej GFCI ntawm qhov tod tes, yog lub tshuab ua kom nrawm nrawm, ntsuas qhov tseeb. Hauv ntau qhov kev sib tw, tus nqi tam sim no ntws ntawm cov xaim dub mus rau lub cuab yeej yuav tsum ntws rov qab ntawm cov xaim dawb. Yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv me me li.005 (5 txhiab ths) amps nruab nrab ntawm cov xov tooj cua kub thiab nruab nrab, qhov tam sim no xav tias yog "xau" los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntaus ntawv, tuav, lossis thaum muaj 3-xaim hlua- cov khoom siv lossis cov cuab yeej txuas nrog, thaj chaw nyab xeeb. Txij li nws muaj peev xwm tias tus neeg siv ntawm lub cuab yeej muaj kev sib cuag nrog qhov xau tam sim no, GFCI qhib lub Circuit Court hauv ib feem ntawm ib pliag los ntawm thaum qhov xau tam sim no tau pom thawj zaug thiab nws tseem qhib kom txog thaum rov pib dua. Qhov no pab tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab lossis raug mob rau tus neeg siv. AFCI tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev poob vaj tse thiab lub neej vim hluav taws, thaum GFCI tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev poob siab lossis raug mob loj rau tib neeg. Nws yuav tsum pom tseeb vim li cas ob hom kev tiv thaiv yog qhov xav tau heev.
- AFCI thiab GFCI yog ob lub cuab yeej zoo sib xws uas muaj lub hom phiaj sib txawv thiab tsis hloov pauv tau. AFCI tshawb pom qhov tshwm sim hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Pinched conductors, sib txuas los yog xoob, thiab lwm yam. Cov arcing pom hauv ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm (xws li lub laum lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus tsev), lossis cov uas pom thaum lub teeb taws teeb pib, yuav tsum tsis txhob mus rau AFCI cov cuab yeej, vim tias hom arc no tsis muaj qhov kos npe (lub sijhawm thiab qhov dav) uas ua rau hluav taws kub.
- Txhim kho cov xov hluav taws xob tshiab, cov xov hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam yuav luag ib txwm xav tau daim ntawv tso cai thaiv thiab tshuaj xyuas, yog tias tsis yog tus kws tso cai hluav taws xob. Tsis txhob hla cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb no ntawm kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob.
