Phau ntawv qub hauv koj lub nthab yuav tsis tsim nyog rau koj, tab sis nws yuav tsim nyog rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Piv txwv li, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws thawj zaug ntawm Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" tau muag tawm rau $ 150, 000 xyoo 2011. Txawm tias koj tsis muaj cov khoom muaj nqis zoo li no ntawm koj txhais tes, thaum koj tau txheeb xyuas koj daim ntawv luam tawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas nws tus nqi lag luam. Pib los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv thiab hais txog cov peev txheej hauv online. Yog tias koj xav tau cov lus qhia ntxiv, sau npe kev pab ntawm tus neeg ntsuas. Nco ntsoov tias koj phau ntawv tus nqi txiaj ntsig nyob ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab tus neeg yuav khoom txaus siab them.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Koj Phau Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Xa mus rau phau ntawv lub npe nplooj ntawv thiab nplooj cai rau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb
Nco tseg tag nrho lub npe ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab tus sau lub npe. Tom qab ntawd saib rau cov ntsiab lus luam tawm, uas yog tus tshaj tawm lub npe thiab lub nroog thiab hnub tshaj tawm, nrog rau hnub sau npe txwv txoj cai.
- Maj mam qhib phau ntawv rau thawj nplooj ntawv. Dhau ib nplooj ntawv uas tsis muaj dab tsi thiab ib nrab nplooj ntawv npe, yog tias muaj ib qho, uas tsuas muaj lub npe ntawm phau ntawv xwb. Ua raws li cov no, koj yuav pom nplooj ntawv npe. Tig rov qab los yog nplooj ntawv hauv qab no rau nplooj ntawv txoj cai.
- Tsis txhob cia siab rau lub tsho plua plav lossis khi los nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau, vim tias cov ntsiab lus no yuav tsis yog thawj ntawm nplooj ntawv hauv. Txawm hais tias lawv yog, cov ntaub ntawv lawv muab tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus luam ntawm koj daim ntawv theej
Ntau tus neeg sau phau ntawv nqi zog thawj tsab ntawv thiab lwm yam ntawv tsis tshua muaj. Txheeb cov nplooj ntawv npe thiab nplooj ntawv muaj cai saib yog tias koj phau ntawv yog thawj tsab, kho dua tshiab, lossis txwv ib tsab. Cov ntsiab lus no, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm koj daim ntawv, feem ntau yog luam tawm nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txheeb xyuas.
- Qee qhov kev tshaj tawm thawj zaug tso tawm cov lus "Thawj Tsab Ntawv" ntawm nplooj ntawv npe, tab sis ntau tus tsis ua. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj phau ntawv luam tawm thawj zaug yog tias koj tsuas pom muaj ib hnub luam tawm.
- Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov rov ua dua yog tias koj pom ntau hnub luam tawm teev tseg. Kev luam tawm feem ntau suav nrog lo lus "Luam Ntawv" (zoo li "Luam Ntawv Thib Ob") lossis "Luam Tawm" (nrog tus lej lwm yam tsis yog "Thawj").
- Hauv qee kis, phau ntawv yuav luam tawm los ntawm tus tshaj tawm uas tsis yog tus tshaj tawm uas xub luam tawm nws. Tej zaum nws yuav piav raws li "Thawj (npe tshaj tawm) Luam tawm" los qhia tias cov xovxwm tsis yog thawj tus tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sib phim koj phau ntawv cov ntsiab lus nrog cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg hauv phau ntawv teev npe online
Ua tub rog nrog koj cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txheeb xyuas, sib piv qhov koj paub txog koj daim ntawv theej tawm nrog keeb kwm kev tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv. Mus ntsib cov ntawv teev npe online xws li World Cat, National Union Catalog (NUC), lossis luam tawm lossis sau digital/cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm uas tau tshaj tawm txog koj phau ntawv sau lossis npe. Tshawb los ntawm tus sau, lub npe, thiab cov ntsiab lus luam tawm kom txog thaum koj pom cov ntaub ntawv uas zoo sib xws nrog koj daim ntawv theej.
- Cov phau ntawv teev npe no suav nrog qhov nkag nkag sib txawv rau txhua tus paub thiab xav tias yog tsab ntawm phau ntawv npe.
- Koj yuav tuaj yeem pom qhov twg koj cov ntawv haum rau hauv cov npe keeb kwm kev tshaj tawm tag nrho. Qhov no yuav pab koj nkag siab tias nws muaj hnub nyoog li cas tiag.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv cov ntaub ntawv teev npe no los txiav txim siab tias koj daim ntawv tsis tshua muaj pes tsawg
Thaum txiav txim siab tus naj npawb ntawm cov tswv ntiag tug yog qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, koj tuaj yeem saib seb muaj pes tsawg daim ntawv luam nyob hauv pej xeem, tuam txhab, thiab tsev kawm qib siab hauv tsev qiv ntawv. Tshawb nrhiav koj daim ntawv hauv Ntiaj Teb Miv, NUC, lossis lwm qhov siv online thiab koj yuav tuaj yeem pom muaj pes tsawg daim ntawv luam ntawm tsab ntawv uas siv tau thiab qhov twg lawv nyob.
- Raws li nrog ntau yam khoom khaws tau, cov ntawv theej tsawg dua uas muaj nyob, muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau txhua tus neeg uas tseem tshuav daim ntawv theej.
- Nug tus kws sau ntawv los pab koj saib koj phau ntawv hauv phau ntawv teev npe online yog tias koj muaj teeb meem.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Ntsuam Xyuas Qhov Zoo ntawm Koj Luam
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tiav thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm phau ntawv nplooj ntawv thiab cov phaj
Saib mus rau phau ntawv teev npe uas phim koj phau ntawv kom pom muaj pes tsawg nplooj thiab cov duab (feem ntau hu ua daim hlau) nws yuav tsum muaj. Maj mam tshuaj xyuas koj tus kheej phau ntawv kom pom tias nws muaj tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv thiab daim hlau uas nws xub muaj. Ua tib zoo saib ntawm koj phau ntawv kom pom tias cov nplooj ntawv tau xeb, hloov xim, ua rau tawg, lossis tawg thiab yuav ua li cas ib qho kev kho zoo ib yam li kev pleev xim rau.
- Xa mus rau cov lus qub qub qub kom raug txheeb xyuas qhov puas tsuaj. Piv txwv li, cov xim daj tau hu ua "foxing."
- Qhov xwm txheej thiab ua tiav ob qho tib si cuam tshuam qhov txiaj ntsig txiaj ntsig ntawm phau ntawv qub.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nco tseg ib qho kev puas tsuaj rau phau ntawv khi
Txiav txim siab tias kev ruaj khov ruaj khov thiab zoo li cas los xij lossis hauv ntej thiab nraub qaum ntawm lub hau npog tau ruaj khov rau ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum. Ua tib zoo saib ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm txoj hlua khi thiab kua nplaum.
- Ib phau ntawv yam tsis muaj nws thawj daim ntawv tseem tsis tiav.
- Yog tias koj phau ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg txaus, daim ntawv theej ntawm qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo yuav ib txwm muaj tus nqi tsawg dua li daim ntawv zoo sib xws hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas lub cev ntawm lub npog thiab lub tsho hmoov av, yog tias tsim nyog
Txheeb xyuas seb lub npog sab nrauv thiab tus txha nraub qaum puas ploj, tawg, lossis ua rau puas ntsoog. Yog tias koj muaj phau ntawv xyoo pua 20th, xyuas seb nws puas tseem muaj nws lub tsho qub qub. Txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsho plua plav thiab nco txog tej kua muag, qhov quav, lossis qhov xim.
Qhov tsis muaj lub tsho hmoov av los ntawm phau ntawv uas xub tuaj nrog ib tus tuaj yeem txo nws tus nqi
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv cov lus qub qub
Xa mus rau phau ntawv qhia antiquarian kom ntseeg siab txhais koj daim ntawv mob. Feem ntau siv cov ntsiab lus suav nrog "zoo" lossis "zoo li tshiab," txhais tau tias phau ntawv nyob ze qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas tsis pom qhov tsis xws. Cov ntsiab lus suav nrog "zoo heev," "zoo," "ncaj ncees," thiab "pluag" qhia txog kev nce qib ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Nco tseg cov ntsiab lus hais txog koj phau ntawv lub cev raws li nws cuam tshuam nrog qib koj tau muab rau nws.
- Txawm hais tias muaj xwm txheej zoo li cas, xa mus rau koj phau ntawv ua "ex-library copy" yog tias nws muaj cov cim tsev qiv ntawv lossis pib ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv.
- Siv "khi daim ntawv" xa mus rau phau ntawv uas nws nplooj ntawv nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo tab sis uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev khi tshiab.
- Nco ntsoov tias tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov phau ntawv qub lossis tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tseem yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txawm tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau cov pov thawj ntawm koj phau ntawv pov thawj los ua kom nws muaj nqis
Koj phau ntawv pov thawj, lossis keeb kwm ntawm leej twg yog tus tswv yav dhau los, tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam rau nws tus nqi, tshwj xeeb yog nws yog tus tswv tseem ceeb. Txheeb rau ib phau ntawv uas muaj tus tswv lub npe, kos npe rau sau, lossis tus sau phau ntawv sau txog tus tswv lub npe.
Yog tias koj phau ntawv tuaj nrog zaj dab neeg txaus nyiam, sim taug qab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj cov kab no kom raug. Saib mus rau hauv tsev neeg cov ntaub ntawv lossis tham nrog cov neeg uas paub tus tswv yav dhau los kom paub meej
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Koj Phau Ntawv Tus Nqi Lag Luam
Kauj Ruam 1. Kom koj phau ntawv raug ntsuas los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij
Yog tias koj xav tau kev txhawb nqa se lossis kev pov hwm kev pov hwm rau koj phau ntawv, koj yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas raug cai. Kev txheeb xyuas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj phau ntawv txheeb xyuas lossis tsis raug cai los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom hauv phau ntawv thib ob lossis phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj. Antiquarian Booksellers 'Association of America (ABAA), International League of Antiquarian Booksellers (ILAB), lossis International Society of Appraisers (ISA). Taug qab tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas hauv koj cheeb tsam kom lawv tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv lub cev.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas feem ntau raug nqi, feem ntau them rau cov kev pabcuam nrog rau kev pov hwm, yog li npaj rau qhov peev txheej no.
- Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tus kws tshuaj ntsuam hauv koj cheeb tsam, xa cov duab ntxaws ntawm phau ntawv. Snap cov duab ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab tom qab ntawm nplooj ntawv npe, thawj nplooj ntawv kawg thiab nplooj ntawv, txheej sab nrauv, thiab tus nqaj qaum, nrog rau lwm yam uas tus kws tshuaj ntsuam nug rau.
- Cov tsev qiv ntawv feem ntau tsis muab cov kev pabcuam tshuaj xyuas.
- Yog tias koj phau ntawv muaj npe, tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yuav tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb rau koj. Nyob ntawm phau ntawv thiab kos npe, kev muaj npe yuav muaj peev xwm nce tus nqi ntawm koj phau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tham nrog cov ntawv qhia siv tsis ntev los no rau koj phau ntawv kwv yees tus nqi
Muaj ntau cov ntawv luam tawm ua piv txwv rau cov phau ntawv sau. Nrhiav ib qho uas cuam tshuam nrog koj phau ntawv cov ntsiab lus lossis tus sau ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv lossis hauv ntu khoom ntawm lub khw muag khoom. Nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub ntawv qhia raug teeb tsa zoo li cas, koj phau ntawv tuaj yeem teev npe los ntawm tus lej los ntawm tus sau lossis lub npe, lossis raws sijhawm raws hnub tshaj tawm. Xa mus rau phau ntawv qhia cov ntsiab lus thiab ntsuas kom pom cov npe uas koj xav tau.
- Nco ntsoov xa mus rau qhov hloov tshiab tsis ntev los no thaum ua tau, raws li phau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig hloov pauv.
- Xa mus rau Allen thiab Patricia Ahern's "Cov Ntawv Sau: Cov Lus Qhia rau Qhov Muaj Nqes" kom paub meej ntawm thawj kab ntawv.
- Saib mus rau "Asmeskas Phau Ntawv Nqi Tam Sim No" thiab "Phau Ntawv Auction Cov Ntaub Ntawv," 2 phau ntawv qhia rau tus nqi phau ntawv qub nqa los ntawm kev sib tw. Ib nrab xyoo "Bookman's Price Index" suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov khw muag phau ntawv teev npe kom tsim nws cov npe khoom.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tshawb nrhiav phau ntawv muag online kom pom tias koj phau ntawv yuav muag rau dab tsi
Tshawb xyuas koj phau ntawv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vev xaib ntawm cov neeg muag khoom, xws li Abe Books, BookFinder, thiab AdALL, thiab cov chaw muag khoom zoo li eBay kom pom dab tsi lwm tus tam sim no tab tom them lossis them rau cov ntawv luam zoo li koj li.
- Yog tias koj tsis pom ntau qhov txiaj ntsig rau koj daim ntawv theej, qhov no yuav yog vim nws muaj koob meej tsawg lossis nws tsis tshua muaj. Xav txog kev sab laj tus kws saib xyuas qub qub yog tias koj nrhiav tsis tau ntau hauv online.
- Teem ib tus as khauj thiab sim muag lossis muag tawm koj phau ntawv los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov vev xaib no yog tias koj xav tau.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nco ntsoov tias phau ntawv tus nqi txiaj ntsig sib npaug qhov tus neeg yuav khoom txaus siab them
Txawm hais tias dab tsi yog phau ntawv teev npe, kev siv online, lossis tus kws tshuaj ntsuam yuav qhia rau koj, qhov nyiaj tiag koj yuav tau txais rau kev muag phau ntawv qub nyob ntawm qhov koj tus neeg yuav khoom txaus siab them rau nws. Xav txog cov kev kwv yees no raws li kev kwv yees paub, tsis yog kev txiav txim siab. Paub tias ntau yam yuav cuam tshuam cov nyiaj ntsuab uas koj tuaj yeem tau txais rau koj daim ntawv theej.
- Tus neeg yuav khoom xav tau tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua lag luam lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej nyiam.
- Ib lub npe nto moo, ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau paub zoo, lossis phau ntawv hais txog cov ncauj lus nrov yuav muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua los ntawm kev muaj koob npe lossis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig vim kev lag luam ntau dhau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tuav koj phau ntawv yog tias koj tsis nyiam muag nws
Koj tsuas muaj ib txoj hauv kev kom tau nyiaj hauv tus nqi lag luam ntawm koj phau ntawv. Yog tias koj xav tias zoo li koj phau ntawv muaj nqis ntau dua li lwm tus txaus siab them rau nws thaum lub sijhawm twg los xij, tsuas yog khij rau nws. Tom qab ob peb xyoos, tus nqi yuav nce ntxiv.
- Nws kuj tseem ua tau zoo los tuav phau ntawv uas muaj txiaj ntsig tus kheej lossis kev xav rau koj. Phau ntawv no, txawm tias nws tsis tsim nyog tau nyiaj ntau, tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj nuj nqis.
- Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem xav pub koj phau ntawv rau lub tsev qiv ntawv lossis khaws cia. Hu rau lub tuam tsev yuav khoom los tham txog seb koj puas tuaj yeem pab dawb.
Lub tswv yim
- Khaws koj phau ntawv kom nyab xeeb thiab nyab xeeb hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav kom deb ntawm hmoov av thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo. Tham nrog tus kws khaws ntaub ntawv lossis tus kws sau keeb kwm yav dhau los rau kev qhia tswv yim yog tias koj tsis paub yuav tiv thaiv koj phau ntawv li cas.
- Yog tias koj tab tom teev koj phau ntawv muag online, nco ntsoov piav qhia meej thiab/lossis yees duab tag nrho cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Ua qhov tseeb ntawm koj qhov kev ntsuas thiab tsis txhob hais ntau dhau qhov zoo ntawm koj daim ntawv theej.
Lus ceeb toom
- Tuav koj phau ntawv nrog tes huv thiab qhuav kom tsis txhob xa cov av thiab cov tawv nqaij mus rau nplooj ntawv lossis npog.
- Tsis txhob kis cov nplooj ntawv qhib thiab tiaj tus. Qhov no yuav ua rau phau ntawv puas tsuaj. Hloov chaw, txhawb nqa daim npog siv lub hauv ncoo muag lossis txhawb nqa phau ntawv V-shaped.
