Lub sij hawm "suab" muaj ob lub ntsiab lus sib txawv thaum nws los txog rau lub ru tsev. Cov neeg feem coob siv nws los txhais qhov nqes ntawm lub ru tsev. Qee cov kws ntoo txiav txim siab nws yog qhov siv lo lus "nqes hav" rau qhov nqes hav, thiab siv "suab" los piav qhia txog lub ru tsev tag nrho qhov ntev. Kab lus no qhia koj yuav ntsuas li cas ob qho tib si, thiab khaws ob nqe lus sib txawv kom tsis txhob ສັບ ສົນ.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Ntsuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg los ntawm Rafters
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag mus rau tus rafter
Kev ntsuas los ntawm sab hauv qab ntawm lub ru tsev feem ntau yog txoj hauv kev raug tshaj plaws txhawm rau nrhiav txoj kab nqes hav, vim tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv los ua kom lub ntsej muag tsis sib luag. Ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no yuav muab kev ntsuas zoo rau koj:
- Ib tug rafter hauv nthab.
- Lub thav duab ntawm tus rafter ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Barge rafter ntawm ib sab ntawm lub gable.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tso ib qib rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus rafter
Muab ib qho kawg ntawm tus kws ntoo qib tawm tsam sab hauv qab ntawm tus rafter. Kho qib kom txog thaum npuas nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob kab.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nrhiav tus cim 12 ntiv ntawm qib
Yog tias koj qib tsis muaj cim cim, ntsuas nws nrog daim kab xev ntsuas thiab kos rau ntawm 12 nti cim.
12 ntiv tes yog qhov ntsuas ib txwm muaj hauv Asmeskas Yog tias koj tsis muaj tus kav huab tais, txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem siv ib chav twg. Tsuas yog siv tib chav rau txhua qhov kev ntsuas, thiab ntsuas qhov ntev tsawg kawg qhov loj me no (12 ntiv tes / 30 cm)
Kauj Ruam 4. Ntsuas qhov ntsug nrug ntawm qib mus rau rafter
Ncua koj daim kab xev ntsuas perpendicular mus rau qib. Ntsuas qhov nrug ntawm 12 nti cim mus rau sab hauv qab ntawm tib lub rafter, ncaj qha saum nws. Nco ntsoov tias qib nyob hauv txoj haujlwm thaum ntsuas qhov ntsuas no.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nrhiav txoj kab nqes
Qhov nqes hav ntawm koj lub ru tsev yog qhov piv ntawm qhov nrug nrug (nce) mus rau kab rov tav nrug (khiav). Tsuas yog sau cov ntsuas uas koj pom. Tsis tas yuav ua kom yooj yim rau lawv.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias koj pom 4 ntiv tes qhov siab nrog daim kab xev ntsuas ntawm 12 ntiv cim ntawm qib, koj txoj kab nqes yog 4:12 lossis "4 hauv 12."
- Cov neeg feem coob tab tom nrhiav "suab" yeej txaus siab rau qhov ntsuas no. Hauv cov ntsiab lus thev naus laus zis, suab muaj lub ntsiab lus sib txawv. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias koj muaj qhov ntsuas raug, hla mus nrhiav lub suab.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Ntsuas Qhov Ntsuas Los Ntawm Lub Pob Zeb
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas lub ru tsev kom nyab xeeb taug kev
Nce ntaiv yam tsis muaj koj cov cuab yeej los saib ntawm lub ru tsev. Tsis txhob taug kev ntawm lub ru tsev ntub lossis dej khov, lub ru tsev nqaim heev, lossis ib qho uas muaj cov yam ntxwv puas tsuaj. Txawm tias qhov nqes hav me me tuaj yeem ua rau taug kev yog tias cov khoom siv hauv qab nthab, tawg (hnav cov kab mob sib xyaw ua ke), lossis xoob (ntoo co los yog ib qho shingles hnav). Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los taug kev saum lub ru tsev thaum lub hnub tawm thiab dej nag thaum sawv ntxov tau qhuav lawm. Tsis txhob taug kev ncaj qha rau ntawm lub ru tsev slate; slates tuaj yeem tawg tau yooj yim los ntawm kev nqis tes rau lawv. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm ntawm lub ru tsev slate, ob qho tib si los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau slates thiab txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob.
- Curled shingles los yog lwm yam uas tsis yog lub ru tsev npog ua rau txoj kev no tsis raug. Xav txog kev ntsuas los ntawm lub rooj sib tw rake ntawm ntug ntawm lub ru tsev xwb.
- Hnav kom huv, qhuav, khau ncaws pob lossis khau ntaub nrog khau ib muag. Cov no muaj lub zog zoo tab sis tsis tshua muaj qhov hneev taw ntawm koj lub ru tsev.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsuas 12 ntiv tes ntawm tus kws ntoo
Kos qhov ntev nrog tus cim. Ntau qib tau nruab nrog tus pas ntsuas ntawm sab, tab sis lub cim no pom ntau dua.
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj koj cov cuab yeej
Muab qib, ntsuas kab xev, ntawv, thiab cwj mem tso rau hauv lub thoob lossis cov cuab yeej siv. Xyuas kom koj tuaj yeem nce ntaiv thiab txav mus los yooj yim thaum nqa cov cuab yeej.
Nws yuav pab kaw koj daim kab xev ntsuas hauv txoj haujlwm txuas ntxiv ua ntej koj nce. Koj tsuas xav tau txog 12 ntiv tes
Kauj Ruam 4. Tso qib
Muab ib qho kawg ntawm qib tiv thaiv lub ru tsev. Pivot nws nce lossis nqis kom txog thaum kab rov tav vial lub npuas nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob kab.
- Yog tias koj lub ru tsev tshwj xeeb heev, nteg ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj hla lub ru tsev ua ntej. Muab qhov kawg ntawm qib tawm tsam pawg thawj coj no.
- Crouch nqis los zaum, txhawm rau txo qis qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau swb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ntsuas qhov nrug deb ntawm lub ru tsev mus rau qib
Tuav tus 0-cim ntawm daim kab xev ntsuas tawm tsam lub ru tsev. Ncua nws mus rau sab saum toj kom nws yog perpendicular mus rau qib. Tsiv daim kab xev ntsuas raws lub ru tsev kom txog thaum nws tsoo qib ntawm qhov cim 12-nti. Nco tseg qhov ntsug nrug ntawm daim kab xev ntsuas thiab sau tus nqi no.
Kauj Ruam 6. Xam lub ru tsev nqes hav
Sau lub ru tsev nqes hav raws li qhov sib piv ntawm "nce hla kev khiav," lossis ntsug nrug hla kab nrug. Piv txwv, yog tias koj daim kab xev ntsuas pom 6 nti ntsug nrug mus rau 12 ntiv cim ntawm koj qib, txoj kab nqes yog 6:12 lossis "6 hauv 12".
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov chaw ib puag ncig tau muab nrog 12 ua tus lej thib ob ntawm qhov sib piv. Tsis tas yuav yooj yim piv
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Xam Pitch los ntawm Kev nqes hav
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas txoj kab nqes hav
Cov neeg feem coob txaus siab rau lub ru tsev "suab" tau ntsuas qhov nqes hav, uas yog qhov ntsuas tau zoo tshaj plaws thaum txiav txim siab cov khoom vov tsev thiab dej nag. Kev nqes hav yog lub sijhawm raug rau qhov sib piv ntawm ntsug mus rau kab nrug deb ntawm ib lub dav hlau tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ru tsev. Txawm tias cov kws ntoo feem ntau siv cov ntsiab lus nqes hav thiab suab sib pauv.
Piv txwv, yog tias ib sab ntawm lub ru tsev nce 8 ntiv rau txhua 12 ntiv ntawm kab rov tav, nws muaj txoj kab nqes ntawm "8 hauv 12" lossis "8:12."
Kauj Ruam 2. Nkag siab txog lub ru tsev
Txuj ci, lub ru tsev yog qhov sib piv ntawm tag nrho lub ru tsev ntsug qhov siab (nce) mus rau tag nrho kab rov tav nrug ntawm phab ntsa mus rau phab ntsa (ncua). Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov tswv tsev tsis tas yuav ntsuas lub suab, nws tseem them kom nkag siab cov lus no. Thaum koj tab tom npaj kho lossis khoom siv vov tsev, koj qhov kev suav yuav raug tshem tawm yog tias koj txhais lus tsis raug "suab" txhais tau tias "nqes hav."
- Ib zaug ntxiv, qee tus kws ntoo thiab cov tsim khoom siv ob nqe lus los txhais "nqes hav." Tsuas yog nug yog tias muaj qhov tsis meej pem txog qhov ntsuas uas lawv hais txog.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias lub ru tsev yog 32 taw ntawm phab ntsa mus rau phab ntsa thiab lub toj siab yog 8 taw saum toj ntawm phab ntsa, lub suab muaj 8 txog 32 lub suab, ua kom yooj yim rau "1 txog 4" lossis "1/4".
Kauj Ruam 3. Nrhiav lub suab
Yog tias koj xav tau los xam lub suab, kev kwv yees lossis luv luv feem ntau yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj ntsuas lub ru tsev tag nrho qhov ntev. Nov yog ob peb yam piv txwv:
- Rau lub ru tsev yooj yim yooj yim, qhov dav (phab ntsa mus rau phab ntsa) yuav yog ob zaug qhov loj ntawm kev khiav (phab ntsa mus rau kab, kab rov tav). Faib txoj kab nqes los ua ob qho kom tau lub suab.
- Rau lub ru tsev nrog lub toj siab saum ib lub phab ntsa, qhov ncua yog tib yam li kev khiav. Qhov nqes hav yog tib yam li lub suab.
- Rau ntau lub ru tsev nyuaj, koj yuav tsum tau suav nws ib ntu los ntawm ntu. Cov kws ntoo siv cov duab tshwj xeeb hloov pauv los kwv yees cov khoom vov tsev uas xav tau raws qhov nqes hav thiab cov duab.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
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Cov kws ntoo hauv qee thaj tsam hais txog lub ru tsev nqes hav raws qib qib hloov chaw. Nov yog lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev thiab kab kab rov tav. Koj tuaj yeem hloov txoj kab nqes los ntawm qhov sib piv rau qib uas siv daim ntawv hloov pauv, lossis los ntawm kev nkag mus tan − 1 { displaystyle ^{-1}}
(rise/run) into a calculator, then convert the answer from decimals to degrees. you can find online calculators with these functions.
- you can estimate the slope if your exterior walls have horizontal siding. measure the width of the gable end (including overhang) and divide by 2. measure the height of one course of siding. multiply that height by the number of courses from the overhang to the ridge to get a height estimate. as always, the height:width ratio is the slope.
- there are phone apps available that can calculate the slope from photographs.
- when measuring the roof surface, it is much more accurate if the shingles have been removed. the bare wood allows for a flat surface and eliminates any potential miscalculations due to uneven shingles.
warnings
- make sure the ladder is stable and not in a position that will damage the gutter or side of the roof.
- wearing high-top shoes on a steep roof increases the risk of an angle injury.
