Txawm hais tias Britons lawv tus kheej yuav pom zoo rau qhov laj thawj zoo rau dag tus neeg Askiv: ua dag neeg Asmeskas thiab Fab Kis. Kev tso dag tso tseg, kev mob siab rau kawm paub txog Askiv kev coj noj coj ua yuav ua rau koj muaj kev hwm ntau dua li siv cov lauj kaub tais diav thiab cov ntsia hlau ntswj. Nyeem rau yog tias koj xav nthuav tawm kev lis kev cai Askiv rau koj ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb, lossis khaws "mug kuv, Kuv yog neeg ncig tebchaws" kos npe rau ntawm koj txoj kev mus rau tebchaws Ireland.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Kawm paub txog kab lis kev cai Askiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub koj cov lus
"Askiv" (tseem hu ua Britons) nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv tebchaws Askiv, ib lub tebchaws uas suav nrog Askiv, Scotland, Wales, thiab Northern Ireland. Yog tias koj siv "Lus Askiv" thiab "Askiv" sib pauv, tso tus cwj pwm tam sim ntawd.
- "Great Britain" yog hais txog tebchaws Askiv thaj av - uas tsuas yog Askiv, Scotland, thiab Wales. Yog tias koj xav suav nrog Northern Ireland thaum hais txog lub tebchaws tag nrho, tom qab ntawv xa mus rau nws li Tebchaws Askiv lossis Tebchaws Askiv luv luv.
- Cov koom pheej ntawm Ireland yog lub tebchaws ywj pheej uas tau dhau los ua neeg ywj pheej los ntawm UK xyoo 1922, tom qab dhau los ua ib lub tebchaws nyob rau 18 Plaub Hlis 1949 thiab ua rau tsib feem rau ntawm cov kob; thaum tseem tshuav thib rau yog ua los ntawm Northern Ireland, uas yog ib feem ntawm tebchaws Askiv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txaus siab rau cov zaub mov Askiv
Tib neeg tso dag txog zaub mov Askiv, tab sis ntau tus xav txog lub koob npe no tsis tsim nyog nyob rau niaj hnub no. Hauv cov nroog loj tshwj xeeb, muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv zaub mov zoo. Nov yog qee qhov nyiam uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv:
- Indian curry, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nqaij qaib tikka masala
- Cornish pasties thiab nqaij pies
- English Tea (ob leeg haus thiab noj mov.)
- Cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb muaj ntau, los ntawm Irish khob cij mus rau Devonshire qab zib
- Yog tias koj tsis nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv, mus ntsib cov khw muag khoom noj thoob ntiaj teb txhawm rau nrhiav cov khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws. British cheese, biscuits, thiab hom qhob noom xim kasfes (piv txwv li. Cadburys) tau pom thoob ntiaj teb.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib Askiv xov xwm thiab nrhiav qee tus qauv
Saib Sherlock Holmes, Inbetweeners, Downton Abbey, Misfits, IT Crowd, Coronation Street thiab lwm cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov yeeb yam. Nov yog ib txoj hauv kev lom zem tshaj plaws kom tau txais kev zais ntawm kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws Askiv, suav nrog lawv txoj kev lom zem.
TV hauv tebchaws Askiv (tshwj xeeb yog BBC) muaj nyob hauv ntau lub tebchaws, txawm hais tias feem ntau tsuas yog kev xaiv qis thiab laus dua. Monty Python zoo heev, tab sis sim nrhiav pom los ntawm kaum xyoo no ib yam
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm cov hauv paus ntawm Askiv txoj cai
Lub tebchaws United Kingdom muaj kev tswjfwm kev tswjfwm, nrog rau ob tog kev nom tswv loj tshaj plaws yog Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg, thiab Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm. Muaj ntau dua li ob tog txawm li cas los xij, nrog tsawg lub rooj zaum hauv Lub Tsev Hauv Tsev, tab sis tseem nyiam kev txhawb nqa ntau. Scottish National Party (SNP) tau hla Liberal Democrats (Lib Dems) raws li tus lej ntawm lub rooj zaum ntawm 2015 UK kev xaiv tsa dav dav, txawm hais tias SNP raug kaw tsuas yog sib tw Scottish cov rooj zaum raws li cov teeb meem hauv cheeb tsam. Yog tias koj tsis tau hnov dua txog cov pab pawg no ua ntej, sim ua raws Lub Sijhawm Nug, Xov xwm hauv tebchaws Askiv, lossis Askiv cov neeg tso dag tso luag nom tswv.
Yog tias koj tsis tau hnov dua txog cov tog neeg no ua ntej, tsuas yog qhia koj tus kheej qhov pib ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm. Faking ib lub tswv yim yog qhov nyuaj thiab thuam me ntsis
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua raws li kev ncaws pob Askiv
Kev ncaws pob (hu ua ncaws pob hauv Asmeskas thiab Canada) yog kev xav hauv lub tebchaws - uas koj yuav paub tshwj tsis yog koj yog los ntawm ib ntawm ob peb lub tebchaws uas nws tsis yog. Kawm ua si qhov kev ua si thiab ua raws pab pawg los ntawm qhov deb, yog tias koj nyiam ncaws pob. Rugby thiab kab civliv yog nrov ib yam.
Kauj Ruam 6. Nqaim koj lub hom phiaj
Tam sim no koj paub me me saj ntawm British kab lis kev cai. Tab sis koj xav tias qhov tshwj xeeb txuas rau? Slang thiab kev noj zaub mov tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov kev ncua deb luv luv, thiab thoob plaws cov chav kawm hauv zej zog. Sim tshawb fawb Edinburgh, Liverpool, Cardiff, lossis Belfast.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Sib Koom Hauv Tebchaws Askiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj koj lub khaub ncaws
Cov neeg hauv tebchaws Askiv nyiam hnav khaub ncaws ntau dua li cov neeg nyob sab Europe, tab sis ntau dua li hnav zoo li hnav nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Ris ntauv txhav, T-shirts, thiab dhia (sweaters) yog ib txwm muaj, tab sis feem ntau lawv zoo thiab haum zoo. Cov xim sib txawv thiab cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke muaj nyob hauv qee thaj chaw, tab sis dub yog qhov kev nyab xeeb kom txog thaum koj tau txais kev zam hauv nroog.
- Thaum tsis ntseeg, kav khw hauv tebchaws Askiv nws tus kheej. Nrhiav cov khw muag khoom feem ntau los ntawm cov neeg hauv zos, suav nrog qee qhov zoo ib yam li koj cov pej xeem.
- Kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav yuav tsum coj tus yam ntxwv thiab tsim kom haum, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tshuaj xyuas nrog tus tswv ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim.
- Cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov hluas nyiam ua raws kev hloov pauv hloov pauv sai, yog li koj yuav pom cov tub ntxhais hluas hauv nroog uas ua txhaum cov cai no.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsis txhob xav txog cov neeg ncig tebchaws
Muaj qee cov khoom ntawm cov khaub ncaws lossis khoom siv hnav feem ntau los ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws. Nyob deb ntawm cov no yog tias koj xav tau kev cia siab ntawm saib Askiv:
- Fanny ntim/hnab ntim khoom
- Cov koob yees duab thiab daim duab qhia chaw
- Hiker khaub ncaws hauv nroog (suav nrog khau hiking)
- T-shirts muag rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws, feem ntau nrog Union Jack lossis Keep Keep Calm and Carry On cov lus hais.
- Cov ris luv thiab khau khiav tsis tau hnov dua, tab sis lawv yuav ua tib zoo saib ntau dua li lawv xav hauv lwm qhov hauv ntiaj teb.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav hauv txheej
Feem ntau nws txias hauv tebchaws Askiv, yog li cov poj niam tau kawm hnav cov phuam qhwv caj dab, khau looj plab hlaub, thiab yuav tsum nruj nruj (uas cov neeg Asmeskas tuaj yeem paub tias yog pantyhose). Txawm tias khau looj plab los lawv muaj qhov chaw! Hnav khaub ncaws lossis pinafore nrog tights, blazer, thiab plimsolls yuav tsis tawm ntawm cov lus nug. Cov txiv neej muaj qhov xav tau zam tsawg dua, tab sis yuav tsum tau ntim cov khaub ncaws sov thiab tsis los nag.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm paub coj zoo
Thaum tos txais ib tus neeg, muab luv luv, tuav tes ruaj khov uas tsis muaj kev sib cuag ntxiv. Tsis txhob poob siab yog tias ib tus neeg muab koj khawm me me lossis hnia ntawm sab plhu xwb - tab sis tsis txhob pib nws koj tus kheej tshwj tsis yog lawv tau ua tiav ua ntej. Ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no yog txoj hauv kev zoo los pib kev sib tham:
- Nyob zoo / zoo tav su / yav tsaus ntuj
- Nyob zoo, koj nyob li cas?
- (tsis raws cai) Sawv ntxov / tav su / yav tsaus ntuj
- (tsis raug cai) Zoo? / Okay, tus phooj ywg?
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua raws lwm txoj cai ntawm kev coj zoo
Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem ua txhaum yam tsis tau npaj tseg hauv txhua lub tebchaws. Nov yog ob peb txoj cai tseem ceeb kom ua raws li lus Askiv zoo:
- Thaum raug caw mus rau qhov twg, ua raws sijhawm. Yog tias koj yuav ntau dua li ob peb feeb lig, hu xov tooj lossis sau ntawv thiab qhia rau leej twg uas koj tab tom ntsib paub.
- Tshwj tsis yog tias koj nyob hauv ib qho pub, kab (tos hauv kab) hauv ib daim ntawv thiab tos ntev rau koj tig. (Ntawm chaw pub mis, taug kev mus rau qhov bar thiab ua siab ntev tos!)
- Ceev faj rau cov cim ntawm kev tsis xis nyob hauv kev sib tham. Nyob ntawm seb koj nyob qhov twg tuaj, koj yuav tsum tau kawm kom muab lwm tus neeg ntau qhov chaw ntxiv, txo qhov muag mus ntev, thiab txo qis kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev. Cov neeg Askiv feem ntau yuav tsis hais lawv qhov tsis xis nyob nrov nrov.
- Tipping tsuas yog xav tau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, xws li tsheb tavxij thiab cov khw zoo nkauj. Kev them nqi tsev noj mov yog xaiv tau thiab feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 10%. Ntawm chaw pub mis, thov yuav tus neeg muag khoom haus dej haus dua.
Kauj Ruam 6. Nkag siab txog kev lom zem Askiv
Kev lom zem yog ib qho ntawm cov kab lis kev cai nyuaj tshaj plaws los txhais, txawm tias koj yog los ntawm lub tebchaws hais lus Askiv. Ntau ntawm Brits muaj qhov nrawm, qhuav qhuav nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tus kheej. Npaj rau sarcasm, thuam, hais lus phem, thiab puns uas hla koj lub taub hau, txhua tus xa nrog lub ntsej muag ncaj thiab qhov kev cia siab tias koj yuav yob koj lub qhov muag thiab txav mus ntxiv. Ua tiav nrog koj tus kheej txoj kev pab yog qhov nyuaj heev rau tus neeg txawv tebchaws, tab sis yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los qhia tias koj koom nrog kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws Askiv, tsawg kawg me ntsis.
Kauj Ruam 7. Cia siab tias yuav pom qhov xav tsis thoob
Tsis muaj kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem txo qis rau ob peb nplooj ntawv, thiab koj yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tias txhua tus neeg hauv tebchaws Askiv coj zoo li tau piav qhia saum toj no. Tom qab tag nrho, Tebchaws Askiv muaj plaub lub tebchaws, ntau thaj tsam nrog cov neeg hauv cheeb tsam muaj zog, thiab keeb kwm kev tuaj txawv teb chaws tas mus li, txhua tus nrog rau qhov chaw txaus siab hauv tebchaws Askiv.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Suab Askiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua qhov tseeb
Koj lub suab nrov yog tej zaum koj qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws hauv txoj kev ntawm koj lub ntsej muag British. Hloov nws, txawm li cas los xij, yuav nyuaj heev. Kev ntseeg tus neeg Asmeskas yog ib yam, tab sis kev tswj lub ntsej muag ntev yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Thiab koj yuav zoo dua muaj kev xyaum ntau ua ntej sim nws hauv tebchaws Askiv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv lub suab
Muaj ntau tus neeg hais lus Askiv, thiab tsawg kawg ntawm lawv suab zoo li lus Askiv rom com. Yog tias koj tab tom ua yeeb yam, nrhiav seb koj tus cwj pwm yog los ntawm leej twg thiab pawg neeg hauv zej zog twg nws yog. Yog tias koj tab tom kawm cov lus hais kom lom zem, nrhiav ib qho uas zoo ib yam li koj cov lus ib txwm hais.
- Yuav luag txhua tus neeg hais lus Askiv Asmeskas muaj lub sijhawm yooj yim kawm cov lus Askiv sab qab teb. Lus Askiv Sab Qaum Teb (xws li Geordie thiab Scouser), Scottish, Irish, thiab Welsh cov suab lus tsis tshua hnov suab.
- Yog tias Askiv tsis yog koj hom lus, sim nrhiav seb UK puas muaj cov neeg nyob txawv tebchaws tuaj ntawm koj lub tebchaws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog London muaj ntau hom lus uas qiv ntau los ntawm lwm cov lus, los ntawm Jamaican mus rau Polish.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau txais cov syntax thiab cov qauv sau ntawv
Txhua lub tebchaws hais lus Askiv muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kab lus qauv thiab qauv sau ntawv, txawm hais tias feem ntau tsuas yog me ntsis xwb. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv uas tuaj yeem ua suab tsis txawv, nyob ntawm seb koj nyob qhov twg tuaj:
- Hauv kev teb rau lo lus nug nrog pab cuam thiab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, Brits teb nrog ob qho tib si: "Koj puas tuaj yeem ntxuav tes rau kuv?" "Ua tau" lossis "yuav ua".
- "Koj puas muaj …?" es tsis txhob "Koj puas muaj …?"
- Brits siv yav dhau los zoo tshaj ("Kuv tau noj") nquag, qhov uas lwm tus yuav siv yav dhau los yooj yim ("Kuv tau noj").
- Brits qee zaum tso kab lus meej - "ntawm/hauv tsev kho mob," tsis yog "tom tsev kho mob."
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm qhov ncauj qhov ncauj
Peb txhua tus hais lus nrog qee lub qhov ncauj thiab tus nplaig txav mus yam tsis nco qab. Kev sau cov no yuav siv sij hawm mloog zoo ua ntej lub iav. Cov paub lus Askiv zoo tshaj plaws, piv txwv li - hais los ntawm cov nom tswv thiab BBC xov xwm casters - tso siab rau lub puab tsaig poob thiab daim di ncauj uas qhib ntau dua li kab rov tav. Nrhiav cov vis dis aus online rau tus hais lus koj tau xaiv, lossis koom nrog kev sib tham los ntawm thaj av ntawd.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ntsia cov lus
Txawm hais tias hom lus yog lus Askiv, nws tuaj yeem sib txawv heev los ntawm Asmeskas, Australian, South African, lossis lwm yam lus Askiv. Kev txhais lus online ntawm cov lus slang thiab lwm yam kev sib txawv yuav ua rau koj pib ua ntej, zoo li yuav tham nrog haiv neeg Brits hauv kev sib tham lus kawm online. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm Asmeskas-Askiv qhov sib txawv:
- Koj noj "khoom qab zib" thiab "ncuav qab zib", tsis yog khoom qab zib thiab ncuav qab zib. Fabkis kib yog "chips", qos qos yog "crisps", thiab Askiv nyiam tag nrho plaub ntawm cov khoom noj txom ncauj no.
- Ris yog "ris".
- Chav dej yog "loo" lossis "tso quav."
- Saib xyuas cov lus xws li "fanny" uas muaj lub ntsiab lus sib txawv thiab ua phem rau Asmeskas Askiv. Lo lus "Fanny" hais txog poj niam qhov chaw mos, uas tuaj yeem pom tias tsis zoo lossis hais lus phem los ntawm qee tus. Lo lus feem ntau siv raws li kev thuam hauv Scotland, piv txwv li; "nws yog fanny". Txawm li cas los xij, tib txoj cai siv.
- "Neeg Esxias" feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog South (sab hnub poob) Asia: Khab, Pakistani, thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Nyij Pooj, thiab tag nrho cov tebchaws Asia sab hnub tuaj feem ntau hu ua "Oriental" thiab "Far Eastern."
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua kom nws suab zoo
Koj tuaj yeem muaj cov lus thiab cov lus hais tawm, tab sis nws yuav tsis ntseeg tag nrho rau ib tus neeg Askiv yog tias koj tsis muaj cov lus slang thiab kev cuam tshuam. Cov lus yog ntau dua li yuav ua kab lus ua ke li cas! Nco ntsoov tias kev siv slang tsis raug yog qhov phem dua li tsis siv nws txhua.
- Kev hais lus yuav ua lossis ua rau koj lub peev xwm rub tawm cov lus Askiv. Tsis muaj peev xwm los xav txog thiab ua raws li ib txwm muaj, koj tau ua tiav. Eg: Nyob zoo! Ah, hmm, hmm, zoo, huh, thiab lwm yam.
- Hais tias "Kuv zoo nkauj" tsis yog "Kuv xav tau," thiab "Kuv tau tawg" es tsis txhob "Kuv nkees." Cov no tsuas yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv teev npe tsis muaj qhov kawg.
- Siv cov lus "Zoo lawm?" los yog "Koj nyob zoo?" uas feem ntau siv siv "Nyob zoo, koj nyob li cas?" Qhov no tsis yog lus nug tiag tiag, tiag tiag. Koj yuav teb nrog tib yam, "Yog lawm?" lossis "Kuv zoo, ua tsaug," tsis hais koj xav li cas tiag.
Kauj Ruam 7. Sau koj cov lus ua lus Askiv
Muaj qee qhov kev sau ntawv Askiv uas tsis tau siv hauv Asmeskas, thiab qee zaum txawm tias tsis yog nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Piv txwv, "xim", "thuam", "txhuas", thiab "kawm" yog txhua yam lus Askiv raug.
Muaj ob peb lub cim cim sib txawv thiab. "Mr" tsis xaus nyob rau lub sijhawm (hu ua nres tag nrho hauv tebchaws Askiv) thiab cov lus luv luv zoo li yuav xaus nrog cov ntawv sau tseg zaum kawg sab nraum cov lus hais (zoo li hauv cov npe sau sau saum toj no)
Kauj Ruam 8. Hais lus zoo li tus neeg Askiv
Peb yuav tsis teev cov ntsiab lus ntawm no, tab sis nws tsis nyuaj nrhiav cov piv txwv online. Paub tias ob peb lo lus uas koj yuav siv tau tej zaum yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv hauv Askiv Askiv - ntau yam xws li, ua phem ntau dua, lossis tsis siv txhua. Kawm paub qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neeg ib txwm nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv (thiab tsis xaiv Hagrid).
Lub tswv yim
- Cov neeg Askiv tsis tas yuav muaj qhov ua tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo. Ntau tus neeg Scottish yuav hla lub suab 'T' hauv cov lus-Askiv qee zaum yuav hais ua 'Bri-ish'.
- Tshawb nrhiav seb yam twg yog yam neeg Brit ntawm koj lub hnub nyoog muaj.
- Sim hnav lub hau tiaj kom ntxiv qhov kov Askiv ntxiv.
- Xyuas kom koj paub yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau khob dej tshuaj yej zoo. Yog tias ib tus neeg nyob hauv koj lub tsev, ib txwm muab tshuaj yej. Muab tshuaj yej rau txhua tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg nqa khoom tuaj ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub tsev (piv txwv li Kho cov kav dej, tsim koj lub laj kab tshiab). Nws tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias lawv tsis kam lees, qhov tseeb koj tau ua yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
- Yog tias koj tab tom ua Cockney hais lus, nco txog Glottal nres. Yog tias koj tab tom ua Liverpool (lub npe hu ua Scouse lossis Liverpudlian), koj yuav saib mus rau The Beatles.
