Thaum koj siv phau ntawv qhia siv ua ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, koj cov neeg nyeem yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv uas koj siv. Txoj hauv kev koj muab cov ntaub ntawv no nyob ntawm qhov kev citation style uas koj siv. Yog tias koj sau ntawv hauv kev kawm, kev xav, thiab lwm yam txuj ci kev sib raug zoo, koj yuav zoo li siv American Psychological Association (APA) style. Hauv tib neeg thiab txuj ci ywj pheej, tej zaum koj yuav siv Modern Language Association (MLA) style. Lwm yam kev qhuab qhia, xws li kev lag luam, kev cai lij choj, thiab keeb kwm, siv Chicago Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Cov Qauv. Hauv txhua tus qauv, cov lus sau luv luv hauv phau ntawv qhia tus nyeem ntawv kom ua tiav cov lus xaus tom kawg ntawm koj daim ntawv.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Siv APA Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog lub xeem lub npe ntawm tus sau lossis tus sau
Thawj ntu ntawm APA cov ntaub ntawv muab lub xeem thiab lub npe pib ntawm tus sau lossis tus kho phau ntawv. Ua raws li tus kws kho lub npe nrog cov ntawv luv "Ed." nyob rau hauv kab lus.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (Ed.)"
- Yog tias muaj ntau tus kws sau ntawv lossis kws kho mob, cais lawv lub npe nrog tus lej. Siv tus ampersand ua ntej lub npe. Piv txwv li: "Lane, L., Lee, S., & Kent, C. (Eds.)"
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxiv xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv kab lus
Tam sim ntawd tom qab cov npe ntawm tus kws sau lossis tus kho, koj yuav tso lub xyoo uas phau ntawv luam tawm. Vim tias phau ntawv tuaj yeem muaj ntau tsab ntawv, nco ntsoov tias koj siv lub xyoo uas koj siv tau luam tawm.
Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (Ed.). (2007)."
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab lub npe ntawm phau ntawv qhia
Yog tias koj siv tag nrho cov phau ntawv kawm raws li siv, muab lub npe tag nrho rau hauv kab ntawv tom qab xyoo tshaj tawm. Txhawm rau nrhiav lub npe raug, saib ntawm nplooj ntawv npe, tsis yog lub hau ntawm phau ntawv.
- Siv kab lus-kev sau ua tus peev txheej, tsuas yog ua kom pom thawj lo lus ntawm lub npe. Yog tias phau ntawv nyeem muaj cov kab ntawv me me, siv cov ntawv sau ua ntej rau cov ntawv me me ib yam.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (Ed.). (2007). Superhuman powers in global history."
- Yog tias phau ntawv nyeem tsis yog thawj phau ntawv, muab tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm hauv kab ntawv tom qab lub npe. Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (Ed.). (2007). Superhuman powers in global history (5th ed.)."
Kauj Ruam 4. Kaw koj qhov kev sau npe nrog lub npe thiab chaw nyob ntawm tus tshaj tawm
Saib dua mus rau nplooj ntawv npe ntawm phau ntawv kawm kom paub lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv kawm thiab qhov chaw uas lawv nyob. Txog Asmeskas cov tshaj tawm, teev lub nroog thiab xeev siv ob tsab ntawv luv luv rau lub xeev.
Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (Ed.). (2007). Superhuman powers in global history. New York, NY: Penguin."
Kauj Ruam 5. Suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tshooj
Thaum koj siv phau ntawv qhia siv, nws muaj peev xwm tias koj tsis siv tag nrho phau ntawv. Yog tias koj tsuas yog siv ib tshooj ntawm phau ntawv nkaus xwb, taw qhia koj cov neeg nyeem ncaj qha rau ib feem uas koj siv.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (Ed.). (2007)." Qhov sawv ntawm superman. Hauv Superhuman hwj chim hauv ntiaj teb keeb kwm (phab 48-92). New York, NY: Penguin."
- Yog tias muaj tus neeg sau cais rau tshooj tshwj xeeb uas koj tau siv, siv lawv lub npe ua thawj lub npe teev nyob rau thaum pib ntawm qhov kev hais tawm, tom qab ntawd suav nrog ib tus neeg kho ntawm txhua phau ntawv ua ntej lub npe ntawm phau ntawv. Piv txwv li: "Lane, L. (2007)." Kev nce ntawm superman. Hauv Lee, S. (Ed.), Superhuman powers hauv ntiaj teb keeb kwm (phab 48-92). New York, NY: Penguin."
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua raws tus txheej txheem sau hnub tim rau cov ntawv sau hauv kab ntawv
Thaum koj txhais cov ntsiab lus lossis hais ncaj qha cov ntaub ntawv koj pom hauv phau ntawv, koj yuav tsum muab credit rau qhov chaw ntawd. Feem ntau koj yuav suav nrog tus kws sau lub npe tom qab xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv kab lus.
- Piv txwv li: "(Lane, 2007)."
- Yog tias koj tshwm sim los siv tus sau lub npe hauv kab lus, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim sau hnub tim hauv kab lus tom qab tus sau lub npe.
- Txog cov lus hais ncaj qha, suav nrog tus lej nplooj ntawv uas tuaj yeem pom cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li: "(Lane, 2007, p. 92)."
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Siv MLA Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog tus sau lub npe, lub xeem lub npe
Thaum siv MLA, koj xav suav nrog lub npe thiab lub xeem ntawm tus sau. Thim qhov kev txiav txim kom lub xeem lub npe tshwm thawj, tom qab ntawd muab lub npe raws li tau teev tseg hauv nplooj ntawv npe.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois."
- Yog tias muaj ntau tus kws sau ntawv, cais lawv nrog tus lej, siv lo lus "thiab" ua ntej tus sau zaum kawg. Tsis txhob thim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tus kws sau ntawv lub npe tshwj tsis yog thawj tus. Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent."
- Yog tias muaj cov kws kho mob hloov chaw sau, ua raws lawv lub npe nrog cov ntawv luv "eds." Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent, eds."
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab lub npe ntawm phau ntawv qhia
Hauv MLA tus qauv, lub npe ntawm phau ntawv yog italicized. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj tau hais ncaj qha rau ib tshooj tshwj xeeb hauv phau ntawv, lub npe tuaj tam sim tom qab cov npe ntawm cov kws sau lossis cov kho.
- Ua kom tau cov lus thawj thiab lo lus kawg ntawm kab lus lossis tshooj lus, nrog rau lwm cov lus tseem ceeb. Tsis txhob sau cov ntawv (a, an, the), kev sib txuas (thiab, tab sis, rau, tsis yog, lossis, yog li, tsis tau), lossis cov lus piav qhia (hauv, ntawm, rau, ntawm, tawm tsam) tsis hais txog qhov ntev ntawm lo lus.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History."
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab kab lus lossis tshooj tshooj yog tsim nyog
Thaum siv phau ntawv nyeem, koj tsuas yog siv ib tshooj ntawm phau ntawv xwb tsis yog ua haujlwm tag nrho. Yog tias tsuas yog ib tshooj cuam tshuam rau koj daim ntawv, taw tes nyeem ncaj qha rau tshooj ntawd.
- Ua kom lub npe ntawm tshooj lossis kab lus zoo ib yam li koj xav tau lub npe ntawm phau ntawv qhia.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent." Kev sawv ntawm Superman. Superhuman Powers hauv Ntiaj Teb Keeb Kwm."
Kauj Ruam 4. Suav cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm
Ib feem tom ntej ntawm MLA cov ntaub ntawv teev npe lub nroog uas phau ntawv luam tawm, lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm, thiab xyoo tshaj tawm. Nws tsis tas yuav suav nrog lub xeev lossis lub tebchaws uas lub nroog nyob.
Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History. New York: Penguin, 2007."
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev tshaj tawm
Txog MLA cov lus hais, koj yuav tsum tau hais qhia daim ntawv uas koj nkag mus rau hauv phau ntawv. Feem ntau koj yuav muaj phau ntawv luam tawm, yog li koj yuav suav nrog lo lus "Luam tawm."
Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, and Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History. New York: Penguin, 2007. Print."
Kauj Ruam 6. Siv tus sau-nplooj ntawv style rau hauv cov ntawv sau
Thaum koj txhais cov ntsiab lus lossis hais ncaj qha cov phau ntawv hauv koj daim ntawv, suav nrog niam txiv hais tom kawg ntawm kab lus uas pom cov ntaub ntawv uas muab tus sau phau ntawv thiab nplooj ntawv hauv phau ntawv uas tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv.
- Piv txwv li: "(Txoj kab, 92)."
- Yog tias koj siv tus sau lub npe hauv kab lus, koj tuaj yeem ua raws nws nrog tus lej nplooj ntawv hauv kab lus - tsis tas yuav rov hais dua tus sau lub npe hauv koj niam txiv qhov kev siv.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Siv Chicago Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog tus sau lub npe thiab lub xeem
Tus sau lub npe tau teev tseg hauv Chicago Style cov ntawv hais nrog lawv lub xeem lub npe ua ntej, tom qab ntawd lawv lub npe. Yog tias muaj ntau tus kws sau ntawv, koj thim rov qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm thawj tus sau lub npe, sau qhov seem nrog lawv thawj lub npe ua ntej.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent." Siv "thiab" es tsis yog ampersand.
- Yog tias koj tab tom tsim cov lej hauv qab, koj tsis thim qhov xaj ntawm ib lub npe. Piv txwv li: "Lois Lane thiab Clark Kent." Tsis txhob suav tus lej ua ntej "thiab" tshwj tsis yog koj tau thim rov qab lub npe.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab lub npe ntawm phau ntawv
Cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv hauv Chicago-style citation is the italicized title of the book. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum sau txhua lub npe, npe, lus qhia, adverbs, thiab adjectives. Tsis txhob sau cov ntawv, cov lus ua ntej, lossis cov lus luv luv xws li rau lossis raws li tshwj tsis yog lawv yog thawj lo lus hauv lub npe.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History."
- Yog tias muaj ob tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus kws sau ntawv, sau tus editor lub npe tom qab lub npe. Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History, ed. Stan Lee."
- Hauv cov lus hauv qab, tus sau phau ntawv lub npe tau ua raws tus lej tsis siv sijhawm. Phau ntawv lub npe tseem muaj cov ntawv qaij.
Kauj Ruam 3. Suav cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm
Ib feem tom ntej ntawm Chicago-style citation muab lub nroog uas phau ntawv luam tawm, lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm, thiab xyoo nws tau luam tawm. Tsis tas yuav tsum suav nrog lub xeev lossis lub tebchaws nrog rau lub nroog.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History. New York: Penguin, 2007."
- Hauv cov lus hauv qab taw qhia, koj yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm hauv kab lus. Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, and Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History (New York: Penguin, 2007)."
Kauj Ruam 4. Ntxiv cov lus piav qhia meej rau ib tshooj tshwj xeeb
Yog tias koj tsuas yog siv ib tshooj lossis ntu ntawm phau ntawv rau koj daim ntawv, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv tshooj lus npe thiab nplooj ntawv rau koj li Chicago citation los coj cov nyeem ncaj qha rau ib feem uas koj siv.
- Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, thiab Clark Kent." Kev Sawv ntawm Superman, "hauv Superhuman Powers in Global History (New York: Penguin, 2007)."
- Cov lus taw qhia xaus nrog cov nplooj ntawv tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawv uas koj hais tawm lossis hais hauv koj daim ntawv. Piv txwv li: "Lane, Lois, and Clark Kent. Superhuman Powers in Global History (New York: Penguin, 2007), 92."
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv tus sau hnub tim rau kev sau cov ntawv
Thaum cov tshaj tawm kev kawm thiab ntau tus kws tshaj lij nyiam cov ntawv hauv qab, tus sau-hnub niam txiv cov lus sib tham feem ntau tau siv hauv social sciences thiab lwm yam kev qhuab qhia, tshwj xeeb rau cov ntawv kawm tiav.
- Suav nrog lub xeem lub npe ntawm tus kws sau ntawv thiab xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm, tom qab ntawd muab tus lej cim thiab sau cov nplooj ntawv lossis nplooj ntawv uas cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau.
- Piv txwv li: "(Lane and Kent 2007, 92)."
